"The important thing is not to stop questioning." Albert Einstein
" An important scientific innovation rarely makes its way by gradually winning over and converting its opponents. What does happen is that its opponents gradually die out and that the growing generation is familiarized with the idea from the beginning." Max Planck
	Tadeusz  Tumalski	The Inner Asymmetry  of the Celestial Bodies	polish
			german

 Guests' book

Plate tectonics;  Origin of the moon; Through the same forces,  which nowadays cause  earthquakes and volcanoes’  eruptions, 4.6 billion years ago the first inner core of the Earth  has been centrifuged from the  thin mantle into the space.  Earth’s rotation was much  faster then than today, day  lasted only four hours! On the orbit the core was then collecting the fragments of the mantle and the lava of the  outer core of the earth and  formed the moon. In a very important point the  physicists forgotten to take  into consideration the fact that the Earth rotates!	The photos below prove, that the idea about the spherical symmetry of the inner structures of the celestial bodies was one of the biggest mistakes  made  by science in the XX century.    The departure from spherical symmetry of the celestial bodies leads to an  explanation  for driving mechanisms for the plate tectonics that would improve the prognostics for  earthquakes and volcanic activities, as posted by the IDNDR-Resolutions of the UNO World Conferene on Natural Disaster Reduction and by the Yokohama Message of the Yokohama Strategy for a Safer World.
"Super-rotation" of Earth’s  inner core.  Paul Richards  (Columbia Univ., NY) draws a conclusion from the  analysis seismic waves passing  through the Eart's inner core,  that the inner core  rotates faster than the Earth. The driving mechanism he  proposes for this hypothesis  (Nature 1996, 382: 221-224) turns the whole  electromagnetism upside down.    ???	The hypothesis of ”super-rotation” of Earth’s inner core shows all the characteristics of Ptolemaeus’ epicycles theory and even surpasses it.  In times of Ptolemaeus for a long time there were no ideas or proofs that planets move in any other  way than he proclaimed it. Today's physics knows exactly that the magnetic axis of the Earth moves  westwards round the rotational axis. Despite that, serious scientists announce all over the world that  some "magnetic coupling" turns Earth’s inner core eastwards which is exactly opposite to the  movement of magnetic field! As the former student of electrical engineering faculty I am obliged to firmly protest here!  In the name of memory of works of Maxwell, Oersted and many others who created the bases of  electromagnetism! Either the temperature inside the Earth (above the Curie point) or the intensity  of the magnetic field or the velocity and the direction of revolution are not right in the hypothesis  proclaimed by Paul Richards. That is why it is impossible to talk about any "electrical motor" (Nature) inside the Earth. The differences in the speeds of the seismic waves occur trough the asymmetry and the west drift of the eart's inner core.  These differences are a proof for this asymmetry!!! It is easy to imagine how much time it will take for physics to lose this superrotation's ballast, if the investigations on the “super-rotation” carry on in USA among others  Prof. Dziewonski of  Harvard-Seismo (Grant NSF). It has come the time for physics to stop creating entirely new and adventurous hypotheses. It has come the time to synthesize the already known facts. Ladies and Gentlemen, let’s sit down together and talk. For the future of science!
FEMA Federal Emergency Managment  Agency	My warning of increasing risk of earthquake for the east coast of USA. The key of my prognosis is the map earthsurface.png
The Big Questions NASA/MSFC, Huntsville Gaps and contradictions  in hypotheses concerning  the phenomena on the Sun.	The mysteries concerning the phenomena on the surface of the Sun, inside it and in its nearest area (corona) still remain unsolved. Astrophysics obtains better and better photographs of the Sun and more data about it, but the correspondence  between the standard model and the observations get smaller and smaller.  The recently formed hypothesis concerning neutrinos’ oscillations raises very serious doubts.  The neutrinos are claimed to have properties which only improve the arithmetical conformity  between the observations and the model. The Sun itself, as the source of the neutrinos, is left behind  as a "black box", completely undiscovered i.e. without a model which wouldn’t be contradictory to  the observations of the Sun and would explain all the phenomena on its surface. My Application for a grant of NRA (HQ NASA)  'Atrophysics Theory Program' (ATP); The negative answer from HQ NASA; The first big question: 'The Coronal Heating Process' Quotation  (NASA's web site):  "The Sun's outer atmosphere (the Corona) is hotter than 1,000,000°C while the visible surface has  a temperature of only about 6000°C. The nature of the processes that heat the corona, maintain  it at  these high temperatures, and accelerate the solar wind is a third great solar mystery.  Several  mechanisms have been suggested as the source of this heating but there is no consensus on which one, or combination, is actually responsible."  End of quotation.  Article: "The Coronal Heating Process"(HTML file) ,  Article: "The Coronal Heating Process"(PDF file 200 kB), Tadeusz Tumalski,  Private researcher, May 2002

Reactions of the scientists  in several countries   NASA  Headquarters CALTECH Lunar and Planetary Institute Houston LPI in conflict: - first I got a invitation for the  LPSC2000 Conference in  Houston then the organizing  commitee censors the articles which I sent to this conference. 1st Letter of LPI  (Jan. 24. 2000) 2d Letter of LPI  (Febr. 09. 2000) My answer... Prof. Dziewonski  (Harvard) and other physicists in USA EGS European Geophysical Society Surprisigly my two lectures has been allowed for the  26th General Assembly in Nice: "Inner Dynamics of the Earth" "Origin of the Moon" In a kind of "countermove" the EGS Journal 'Planetary and Space Science' cenors my article "Origin of the Moon": "EDITOR'S COMMENTS" (PTA) Polish Astronomical Society (PTF) Polish Physical Society "Postępy Fizyki"“ ("Progress of Physics”) censors my articles. Chairman  of the Editorial Board: Prof. A. K. Wróblewski "Wiedza i Życie" (“Knowledge and Life”) Chairman of the Scientific Board: Prof. A. K. Wróblewski. Editor in chief:  – Andrzej Gorzym has a serious dilemma. Prof. A. K. Wróblewski Sometimes a question  appears:  Is the progress of  science still the most important  purpose for the scientists? Prof. Karsten Bahr (Univesity of Göttingen) and other german scientists. The scientists' old dilemma Difficulties in solving the  scientific problems are not  always caused by resistance of the "scientific matter" itself. Very often they have their  beginning in the system of  science work itself and  educating new generations  of scientists.

Physicists’ wrong idea of celestial bodies, including the Earth, being spherically symmetrical arose on the basis of quite essential mathematical error which  I briefly outline below: - As we known all celestial bodies are heterogeneous in their interior.  In consequence of the heavier components’ fall in the direction of center and  the pressure increasing together with  depth, also the density increases.  That is why the celestial bodies always have the core which has much bigger  density and higher temperature than the outer layers. Due to this heterogeneity  of density we must calculate the total mass  of the celestial body as the sum  of volume integrals of volumes of its individual parts. But we have to calculate  the mass of the mass point 'dm' as dV – volume element r – density in the point dV   The centrifugal force of the orbit is distributed on the individual parts of the celestial bodies proportionally to their density. Integrating of the orbital centrifugal force on  the volumes of the individual parts of the celestial body always gives sum of  integrals.  Because as it is known, force, including the orbital centrifugal force, is a vector then  this sum of integrals should be taken as sum of vectors into formula  F x R = 0 from which all three Kepler’s laws are derived.  Kepler’s celestial mechanics needs to be completed. It is essential to find a mathematical bridge between an imaginary point in space, which the mass’ gravity center is, and the material mass. So far Kepler’s celestial mechanics describes only  the movements of celestial bodies’ gravity centers. The splitting of the orbital centrifugal force vector to components, leads inevitably to asymmetrical system for  the non-rigid objects which most of the planets and stars are. The fact that in astronomic calculations the celestial bodies are treated as material points without  taking into consideration their internal structure means, that the vector sum was mistaken here with the arithmetical sum. That is why all the material points of two revolving celestial objects are treated the same way, which is not correct from the mathematical and physical point of view.  In other words: – the state of weightlessness on the orbit is not an absolute condition for the real material mass. It is a relative condition, dependent on the density of the material points of the mass on the orbit.   It is possible to acquaintance with  it wider in my article  "Inner Dynamics of the Celestial Bodies" which I wrote in 1998 after the conference  “Astrophysics With Infrared Surveys: A Prelude to SIRTF” in California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, USA. To avoid misunderstanding  I must add explicitly that of course I don’t claim that the  physicists don’t know the difference between the vector sum and the arithmetical one. Such  statement would be an evident nonsense (absurd). Such mathematical error we talk here  about is nothing else but a simple oversight that happens in life to each one of us.  Nevertheless, this error should be corrected as soon as possible. Consequences of this mathematical-physical mistake became a huge ballast for the development of physics in the last decades of previous century and still are a ballast in the third millenium. Because of this ballast of spherical symmetry, the geophysics, astrophysics and astronomy  became the same ponderous as they were four hundred years ago due to the conception of Earth as the center of the Universe.

• One of the most interesting planets in our Solar System: 'Uranus'.

	False color image of Uranus:  (Voyager2;1986) (27kB)  -uranus2.jpg
	Infrared images of Uranus (JPL-NASA; HST 1994 and 1997, 38kB) -Urchange.jpg         [Photo assembling:  T. Tumalski]

During these three years, since 1994 till 1997, Uranus has moved on its orbit for about 12.8°. The same change of about
12.8° we can see in direction for the orientation of the axis of the warmer zone in the uranian atmosphere and the orbit plane
of its satellites and rings. The warmer zone of Uranus’ atmosphere turns away from the Sun together with the planet’s rotation axis and the plane of satellites’ orbits. It is an unquestionable proof that the reason of this asymmetric temperature distribution
in the upper layers of Uranus’ atmosphere cannot be the Sun. It can only be a big asymmetry of Uranus’ hot interior.
That is why a conclusion appears that the 'false colors' picture of Uranus sent to the Earth in 1986 by Voyager2 shows the position of hot inner core of this planet, not a layer of 'smog' warmed by the Sun as it was interpreted 1986 by the members
of JPL-NASA Imaging-team in Pasadena.
 

• Stars are also balls of gas, similarly to Uranus.

Pictures of the star HD 12545 ;  (XX Triangulum) made by K. G. Strassmeier (University of Vienna)  show the same phenomenon which we observe on the pictures of Uranus.  It is a gas ball warmed from the inside by an asymmetrical heat source. Strassmeier interprets this photograph as a “starspot”  similar to the spots on the Sun.

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Strassmeier, K. G.   [Astronomy and Astrophysics, v.347, p.225-234 (1999)]
'The super starspots on the K0 giant HD 12545: larger than the entire Sun'  ( PDF 5kB)
The active K0 giant HD 12545 is the star with the largest starspots ever observed.
( ...) Surprisingly, the fact that HD 12545 is brighter at a time of high spot activity
is in agreement with solar analogy. Our data also allow to refine the orbital elements of HD 12545 and we use
the Hipparcos parallax to determine absolute astrophysical quantities for this rapidly rotating K giant.
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The "starspot" analogous to the sunspots, or something completely different?
[T. Tumalski; April, 2001)]

Comparing the "starspot" on XX Triangulum to the spots on the Sun raises serious doubts. On the one hand there is no
coherent explanation in physics for the spots on the Sun, so it is completely vague on what basis does Strassmeier draw
the parallel of HD 12545 appearance to something which rules of formation he doesn’t know. Introduction of analogy
of HD 12545 to the Sun doesn’t explain anything but only increases the already big confusion in astrophysics.
The only logical explanation of such temperature distribution on the surface of HD 12545 that we see on Doppler’s pictures
is a big internal asymmetry of this star, just as in case of Uranus.
The causes of the internal asymmetry of celestial bodies are described in my article:
"Inner Dynamics of the Celestial Bodies" .

My articles and other files:
• "Driving mechanism of the plate tectonics"; (PDF, 300kB, german), DGG-Kolloquium  ISSN-Nr. 0947-1944
• "Inner Dynamics of the Celestial Bodies"; (PDF, 74kB, englisch), Conference: "Astrophysics with Infrared Surveys:
  A Prelude to SIRTF" in 'California Institute of Technology'; Pasadena
• "Origin of the Moon"; (PDF, 31kB, englisch) 'Lunar and Planetary Science Conference' (LPSC 2000), Houston
• "Origin of the Moon"; (PPT, 115 kB), A simple PowerPoint simulation of the outburst of the Eatrh's first inner core;
• "Earthsurfarce"; (PNG, 200kB),"Earthsurfarce"; (PDF, 150kB),
  'Vesuvius Conference', Naples; The key for the earthquakes and volcanoes: the west drift of the earth's crust deformations;
• Application for a Grant of NASA Headquarters  (PDF, 13kB)
• Answer from Headquarters NASA for my Grant-application   (PDF, 8kB)
•

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